What Americans were asked to believe, checked against the record
United States government, wartime, and domestic campaigns, with catalog images from the FRAME archive and citations named on each page.
Illustration, not an archive object
From the American record
All essays in this edition
United StatesConstitution 150th Anniversary Proclamation
United States7th War Loan flag raising
United States85 Million Americans Hold War Bonds
United StatesA Blow to the Axis
United StatesA Boy Died Last Night
United StatesA Careless Word, Another Cross
United StatesA Flower Tries to Grow in Birmingham
United StatesA National Emergency Is Upon Us
United StatesA New Quest for Union (1965)
United StatesThe Abolition Catastrophe
United StatesAbove and Beyond: Dorie Miller
United StatesAdmiral Ernest J. King Says
United StatesSoviet Imperialism exhibit
United StatesAim to Win, 10% Every Payday
United StatesAlliance for Progress, public health (409b)
United StatesAll About Liberty Bonds
United StatesAll the Ear-Marks of a Sneaky Jap!
United StatesGermany to Japan sheet
United StatesAmerica Needs Your Scrap Rubber
United StatesAmerican Progress
United StatesAmericans All! Victory Liberty Loan
United StatesAmericans All
United StatesAmericans Will Always Fight for Liberty
United StatesAmerica's Resources Are China's Resources
United StatesFederal-Abolition-Whig Trap
United StatesAppreciate America, Donald Duck
United StatesARCS Korea leaflet montage (1951)
United StatesArmy OCS Leadership Poster
United StatesViet Minh Policy for the Highlands
United StatesAtlanta Daily World, 7 August 1945
United StatesAtom for Peace Exhibition, Beirut
United StatesAtoms for Peace, page 1
United StatesAtoms for Peace, page 2: the Philippines treaty
United StatesWhat Is Atomic Energy? (Atoms for Peace, p. 4)
United StatesBack the Attack! 3rd War Loan
United StatesBack the Attack, 5th War Loan
United StatesBack Your Future (1946)
United StatesBecome a Nurse
United StatesCeiling Zero (Berryman, 1953)
United StatesA Fellow Just Isn't Safe ANYWHERE Anymore!
United StatesLet Me Through!
United StatesNo Jury Trial for the Likes of You
United StatesShucks Henry! (The Sower)
United States"One Korean problem I can solve" (1953)
United StatesThe Place Is Full of Simon Legrees!
United StatesBirth of a Nation ad, 1916
United StatesFred Hampton memorial poster (1969)
United StatesThe Black Stork
United StatesBloody Deeds of General Jackson
United StatesBooks Are Weapons
United StatesBryan and Sewall, Unlimited Coinage
United StatesWe Want / We Do Not Want, Burma (1951)
United StatesThe Bag from Lafayette Park
United StatesBuy a Bond of the 2nd Liberty Loan
United StatesBuy More Defense Stamps Now!
United StatesCARE milk for Ceylon
United StatesCDC We Can Do It, 2020
United StatesChitra Katha No. 37: a Virginia school
United StatesDesert Storm surrender leaflets
United StatesMossadeq's Spy Service
United StatesCIA Contra Manual, Page 33
United StatesClosed: Public Notice
United StatesGreed (Coin's Financial School)
United StatesGo South to Avoid Communism
United StatesCommunism Gives You Justice?
United StatesCommunism or Freedom (labor panel)
United StatesHonest People Who Don't Vote
United StatesCrusade for Freedom stamp, 1951
United StatesDaily Alaska Empire, 8 December 1941
United StatesPeace, Little Girl ("Daisy")
United StatesDarkness at Noon, Manila
United StatesDays Off Cost Lives!
United StatesDeclare a Paper Holiday
United StatesDeliver for "D" Day!
United StatesLeaders of the Democratic Party (Nast)
United StatesDestroy This Mad Brute
United StatesDetroit Abend-Post, June 2, 1918
United StatesReport All Foreign Invaders
United StatesDictatorship and the Pay Check
United StatesDo Not Spit (tuberculosis)
United StatesWhy Vietnam? (DoD film)
United StatesDon't Feed Black Market Greed (1946)
United StatesDon't Kill Her Daddy
United StatesDuluth Herald on Mussolini
United StatesAmerican Aid Product for China (1948)
United StatesEl Correo Grafico, August 1964
United StatesElections U.S.A.: The Candidates (1956)
United StatesElectricity for Him
United StatesEnlist in a Proud Profession
United StatesEnlist in the WAVES
United StatesEnlist (Lusitania)
United StatesKim Il Sung marionette leaflet (1951)
United StatesThe Evening Star, 7 August 1945
United StatesEverybody's Listening (1951)
United StatesExclusion instructions, 1942
United StatesExecutive Order 8802
United StatesPayroll savings participation chart, 1941–42
United StatesFaubus Wins in Landslide
United StatesJet pilot reward leaflet
United StatesMillard Fillmore, American Candidate
United StatesFood Is Ammunition
United StatesFood Will Win the War (Yiddish)
United StatesFour leading crooks, 1977
United States4 Minute Men
United StatesA Frank Statement, 1954
United StatesFreedom-Gram, 1952
United StatesFreedom of Speech
United StatesFreedom of Worship
United StatesFrontiers of Research
United StatesGarfield's Death Warrant
United StatesThe Jeffersoniad, no. VIII
United StatesGee!! I Wish I Were a Man
United StatesVote Against Woman Suffrage (Georgia)
United StatesGerm warfare rebuttal, Korean (1952)
United StatesSafe-Conduct Pass (seven flags)
United StatesGive Us More B-17's
United StatesBetter Try an Anti-Catholic Worm
United StatesThe Greatest Mother in the World
United StatesGulf of Tonkin address
United StatesThe Cold Face of Death and War
United States"Ruler of the dead" leaflet
United StatesHalt the Hun!
United StatesHarrison's North Bend Log Cabin
United StatesHasten the Homecoming
United StatesHe Can't Put It Out
United StatesHelp Control Inflation by Investing in War Bonds!
United StatesHelp Our Town Win the Right to Fly This Flag
United StatesHelp Smash Hitler Now!
United StatesHeroes Day: Lincoln
United StatesHe's Watching You
United StatesHis War Is Over, 6th War Loan
United StatesHit the Bull's Eye! These Are Volunteers
United StatesHold On to Your Social Security Card
United StatesHomecoming, to No Home? (1946)
United StatesHuman Sterilization Today
United StatesHun or Home?
United StatesI am an American, Oakland
United StatesI Cease Resistance (1945)
United StatesI Just Didn't Realize I Was So Bad Off
United StatesI Need Your Money (TVA bond drive)
United StatesI Want You for U.S. Army
United StatesI Want You (1940 printing)
United StatesImperial Night-Hawk, immigration
United StatesIn Time of War You Are Liable
United StatesDestroy the disease carriers
United StatesJackson Ticket, Hickory Tree
United StatesJap Trap, Douglas
United States"Jap... You're Next!" Flagg, 1944
United StatesJapanese Relocation, title card
United StatesJaps Execute Doolittle Men
United StatesJoin the WAC Now!
United StatesJust Say No at the Ranch
United StatesKaiser Wilson banner
United StatesKeep'em Green (1946)
United StatesKeep Out Malaria Mosquitoes
United StatesYears of Lightning, Day of Drums (Beirut)
United StatesSiamo tutti stalinisti
United StatesKill Every One Over Ten
United StatesKnock Off a Japanazi
United StatesKorea under UN protection, Tagalog sheet
United StatesIs It Really His to Gamble?
United StatesKremlin's Words and Deeds (1952)
United StatesLet's Get This Shield Up
United StatesLet's Go! Our Quota Is $___ (6th War Loan)
United StatesThe Union Must and Shall Be Preserved
United StatesLittle Mac
United StatesLock Up These Papers
United StatesLoose Lips Might Sink Ships
United StatesLouis Armstrong in Beirut
United StatesMarch on Washington, 1963
United StatesMarian Anderson in Taipei (1957)
United StatesU.S. Marines Are Here to Help
United StatesMcKinley Was Right
United StatesMeaning of Compulsory Service (1957)
United StatesMen of 18 and 19
United StatesA Message About Food (1945)
United StatesMission Accomplished Banner
United StatesMore and More Women Work on Aircraft
United StatesMore Nurses Are Needed
United StatesA Proposal for Peace (Goldberg at the UN)
United StatesWhy Should We Help Communists Kill Americans?
United StatesThe Mulligan Guard Lies, but Surrenders
United StatesMy Promise to You, the bond's terms
United States"Negro Rule" vampire cartoon (1900)
United StatesHow Many More Must Die?United StatesNew York Tough poster, 2020
United StatesNixon and the Edited Transcripts
United StatesNone of the Public's Business
United StatesNow for a Round-Up
United StatesThey're the Reason We're in Vietnam
United StatesThe Journal on the Maine, 17 February 1898
United StatesToo Hip for Health Care?
United StatesHouse of Cuts
United StatesOfficial United States War Film
United StatesOld Ironsides, 1797–1927
United StatesOld Jack, the New Orleans Mouser
United StatesFourth Pan-African Congress call
United StatesPenicillin for Gonorrhea (1946)
United StatesPeople of Grenada
United StatesCapitalismo del Pueblo
United StatesPershing Says, S.O.S.
United StatesPershing's Crusaders
United StatesPictures in the News No. 7 (1965)
United StatesPictures in the News No. 5 (1965)
United StatesPipedown Soldier! Tokio's Listening!
United StatesLay This Needle Aside
United StatesPosture Standards, Stocky-Type Boys
United StatesPowell's mobile-labs slide
United StatesThe Great Presidential Sweepstakes of 1856
United StatesPrinciples of the Prohibition Party
United StatesProduce for Victory! (Bill of Rights)
United StatesProduction Lines Are Battle Lines
United StatesWhere Both Platforms Agree
United StatesPvt. Joe Louis Says
United StatesRace Mixing Is Communism
United StatesBrief History of Radio Swan
United StatesRationing Means a Fair Share
United StatesRationing Safeguards Your Share
United StatesRead the Official Bulletin
United StatesRed Star Over Asia (1951)
United StatesCommunism destroys religion
United StatesRemain with the Colors
United StatesRemember Belgium
United StatesRemember the Maine! (Judge)
United StatesRemember Your First Thrill of American Liberty
United StatesReturn Trip to Earth (Apollo 11)
United StatesRight in Der Fuehrer's Face
United StatesRight to Life March, 1978
United StatesSave Waste Fats for Explosives
United StatesSave Waste Paper
United StatesSave Your Cans
United StatesSave Your Scraps to Bomb the Japs
United StatesShe May Look Clean—But
United StatesSlums Breed Crime
United StatesA Soldier in the War Against Poverty
United StatesSomeone Talked!
United StatesSqueeze in one more
United StatesSacred Sword leaflet with Le Loi
United StatesSSPL Membership Card
United StatesSt. Louis Argus on the Klan, 1921
United StatesThe State of This Nation Is Good
United StatesStay on the Job
United StatesStory of Hungary Comes to the Philippines
United StatesSurvival in Space
United StatesSurvival Under Atomic Attack (1950)
United States"Swear!" (Kirby, 1923)
United StatesTell That to the Marines!
United StatesTexas Coming In
United StatesThat Liberty Shall Not Perish from the Earth
United StatesThe Jap Way: Cold-Blooded Murder
United StatesThe More Women at Work
United StatesThe Nazis burned these books
United StatesThey're Closer Than You Think!
United StatesThis Is Nazi Brutality
United StatesThis Is the Enemy, 1943
United StatesThis Man May Die
United StatesTo Make Men Free
United StatesTokio Kid, poster no. 714
United StatesTokio Kid, mishap sheet
United StatesTokio Kid, rivets sheet
United StatesTreat 'Em Rough!
United StatesCoronavirus Guidelines mailer, March 2020
United StatesTruth Dollar, 1954
United StatesLeaflet 7255, the green hat (1953)
United StatesLeaflet 1243, the farmers' levy (1952)
United StatesLeaflet 8274, A-frame against B-29 (1952)
United StatesLeaflet 8526, trucks as targets (1951)
United StatesLeaflet 7230
United StatesMacArthur letter on prisoners (1950)
United StatesMacArthur radio-news leaflet (1950)
United StatesPyongyang air-raid warning (1951)
United StatesUnion and Liberty! And Union and Slavery!
United StatesUnited We Win
United StatesGen. Clay on the Berlin airlift (1948)
United StatesThe Vietnam War, May It Rest in Peace
United StatesU.S. Astronaut Walks in Space
United StatesHoliday Toll vs. Korean War casualties (1950)
United StatesThe Savior of the Darker Races
United StatesThe United States Position on Viet-Nam (1965)
United StatesWhat Is an "Aryan"?
United StatesLincoln Memorial poster, Denmark (1952)
United StatesUse It Up, Wear It Out, Make It Do
United StatesWhy Viet Nam (USIS London)
United StatesMy Men Refuse to Go (USSF)
United StatesGrand Democratic Free Soil Banner
United StatesWanted: Information on 1300 Missing (VIVA)
United StatesSilence Means Security (WAAC)
United StatesProgress of Iran No. 40: Atoms for Peace
United StatesWanted! For Murder
United StatesAir-raid notice leaflet
United StatesWe Are No Longer Human Beings (c. 1950)
United StatesWe Can Do It!
United StatesHole in the head, 1976
United StatesWe Violated the Regulations of the Food Administration
United StatesWhat Do You Say, America? (Hitler)
United StatesWhat Nazis Think of German-Americans
United States27 Million Women
United StatesThe White Man's Burden (Judge)
United StatesThis Is a White Man's Government
United StatesWhy Have Americans Come to Vietnam?
United StatesBattle of Britain film frame
United StatesWomen in the War
United StatesWomen, work to be done
United StatesThe World's Largest Prison (1951)
United StatesTell It to Hanoi
United StatesYesterday's enemy, today's friend
United StatesYour Enemy the Jap
United StatesYour Sugar Ration Is 2 lbs. per MonthAmerican Propaganda reads United States government, wartime, and domestic campaigns, and it links each catalog image back to the FRAME archive.
What this site is
American Propaganda is a reading of campaigns aimed at people in the United States, or run by the United States government: recruiting and bond drives, wartime information offices, election print, and the domestic programs that asked citizens to watch one another. It is a sibling of the FRAME archive at propagandaarchive.org, not a copy of it. FRAME keeps the worldwide collection and tags each object by technique. This site takes the American slice and asks a different question: what did the appeal demand of a free people, and did the demand respect the Constitution?
The perspective is pro-American, pro-Constitution, and libertarian. That is a point of view, and it is not a permission slip. Where a poster told the truth, the page says so. Where a president, a bureau, or a newspaper was wrong, the page says that too. Voluntary pledges are not the same thing as a statute that jails a speech. A declared war is not a blank check, and neither is a peacetime press office.
Where the facts come from
Catalog images stay on propagandaarchive.org. An essay about an archive object links to that page under the words "Full record at propagandaarchive.org," and it does not add a NARA identifier the archive does not print. A program page that is not an archive object says so, and it cites the government release or the study named in its source list. Quotes stay verbatim.
The prose is new. Titles, headings, and the order of sections are not FRAME's. The editorial rule, with examples, is in About and method and in STYLE.md in the project repository.
What is in this edition
This edition includes the wartime and domestic essays already on the site, US presidential campaign print, 1800–1900, Liberty Loans, the anti-Japanese propaganda hub, the anti-Nazi propaganda hub, the Office of War Information poster index, Four Freedoms posters, World War II war bonds and war stamps, U.S. Information Agency posters abroad, US and UN Command messaging in the Korean War, 1950–1953, US civil rights era messaging, civil defense and the atomic age, US Vietnam War messaging, 1954–1975, and US COVID-19 public health campaigns and messaging (2020–2022). A map and timeline filters the FRAME history map to United States items. Administration essays read the Wilson, Roosevelt, and Trump governments as a whole. What is still unwritten is listed in TODO.md.
Case studies
All case studies
United StatesThe US abortion debate: persuasion campaigns on both sides since the 1960s
United StatesThe Active Measures Working Group (1981 to 1992)
United StatesGay plague, tombstones and Silence = Death: messaging in the AIDS crisis, 1981-1990
United StatesJoin or Die to the Boston Massacre: patriot and loyalist print, 1754-1783
United StatesBlack Lives Matter and Blue Lives Matter: two slogans, their campaigns, and a foreign operation that posed as both
United StatesThe civil rights movement and the Citizens' Councils: boycotts and marches, 'outside agitator' labels, state money and economic pressure
United StatesCOINTELPRO: the FBI's covert media and information operations against U.S. groups, 1956-1971
United StatesThe Congress for Cultural Freedom: a CIA-funded intellectuals' network, 1950-1967
United StatesThe Committee on Public Information: how the U.S. government sold the First World War at home (1917-1919)
United StatesThe Crusade for Freedom: Truth Dollars for a CIA-funded radio, 1950-1971
United StatesThe DHS Disinformation Governance Board (2022)
United StatesThe Justice Department's FARA release and public demonstrations
United StatesBetter babies, fitter families: eugenics campaigns in the US, Sweden and Germany
United StatesThe State Department's Global Engagement Center (2016 to 2025)
United StatesThe 1990-91 Gulf crisis: Iraq's 'guests' and 'linkage', and Washington's Hitler analogy
United StatesGun rights and gun control: persuasion on both sides of the U.S. gun debate
United StatesHamilton 68: the Russian-influence dashboard and its secret account list
United StatesThe Institute for Propaganda Analysis (1937-1942)
United StatesHow the US and UK governments presented the case for war in Iraq, 2002-03
United StatesLabor organizing and anti-union campaigns in the United States, 1910-1941
United StatesMAGA and the Resistance: grassroots organising for and against Trump, 2016-2021
United StatesThe Nayirah testimony: a Kuwaiti government PR campaign at a House human rights caucus
United StatesThe Office of War Information's Domestic Branch, 1942-43
United StatesThe Pentagon's retired military analyst outreach programme (2002-2008)
United States'Benevolent assimilation': the Philippine-American War and the propaganda on every side
United StatesGovernment pressure on platforms and broadcasters ("jawboning"), 2020-2026
United StatesReefer Madness and the 1930s marihuana campaign
United StatesThe satanic panic: ritual-abuse claims in the US and UK, 1980-1994
United StatesThe second Ku Klux Klan: selling membership as '100% Americanism'
United StatesAbolitionist and pro-slavery print, 1787-1860
United StatesVotes for Women and the anti-suffrage campaigns, 1908 to 1920
United StatesThe Tea Party and Occupy Wall Street: two protest waves after the 2008 crash
United StatesTemperance, Prohibition and the wets: the dry campaigns and their opponents, 1874 to 1933
United StatesThe tobacco industry's smoking-and-health doubt campaign, 1953 to 1998United StatesTokyo Rose and Iva Ikuko Toguri D'Aquino
United StatesTorches of Freedom: the 1929 Easter Parade cigarette march
United States2004: outside-group ads on Kerry's Navy record and Bush's Guard record
United StatesThe steelworker ad and the welfare ads: two fact-checked attacks from the 2012 U.S. presidential race
United StatesUnion and Confederate print, 1861-1865
United StatesCrime and victim attack ads in two U.S. presidential races: Horton and the furloughs (1988), James Byrd Jr. and hate-crimes law (2000)
United StatesThe 1800 election: "Jefferson and no God" and "squints at monarchy"
United StatesMood over argument: "Morning in America" (Reagan-Bush 1984) and "Hope" / "Yes We Can" (Obama 2008)
United StatesThe U.S. Office of War Information and the Writers' War Board: a 'strategy of truth' meets the advertising men
United StatesJust Say No and the fried egg: anti-drug campaigns, 1971-2016
United StatesWhy We Fight: the U.S. Army's orientation films, 1942-1945
United StatesWartime censorship in the First World War: Britain, Germany, France and the United States
United StatesWorld War II rumor clinics and rumor control (1940 to 1947)
United StatesRemember the Maine: the yellow press and Spain, 1895-1898